Applied Statistics: Random Sampling

Moreover, it has heretofore to be fixed whether Letterman or Leno will achieve better late iniquity ratings.

Applied Statistics: Frequency Distribution

Frequency distributions atomic number 18 yet another technique by which statistics can simplify spacious quantities of information. This method typically groups or classifies data in order of battle to more clearly convey certain information.

The construction of a frequency distribution is fairly simple. beginning(a), it is necessary to determine the follow of classes that will be commitd to group the data. Second, the data moldiness be sorted into these classes. Third, the number of items in each class must be counted. The final step in creating a frequency distribution involves displaying the results in either a chart or a table.

The print media commonly make use of frequency distributions. Newspaper and magazine articles often include twain charts and tables. Just one example occurred in a modern issue of Airplane Owner's and Pilot's Association (AOPA) magazine. The chart illustrated the results of a upstart "learn-to-fly" effort. Participation was subdivided agree to month along the chart's horizontal access. From marchland 1994 to March 1995, the number of students and mentors in the program increased steadily from roughly to 4,000 to approximately 18,000. Unfortunately, while frequency distributions present data in a relatively compact form, there are usually some types of information that can only be ob

tained from the original data.

Thus, although frequency distributions stand data that is more usable, they do so at a price. While information must be lost, the data is finally provided with increased comprehensibility.

For example, a 1989 article in AOPA described the daunt of a twin-engine commuter plane upon takeoff in wet weather. A diagram gave the aircraft's altitude in feet above sea level from liftoff to impact. These numbers were as follows: 510, 583, 640, 702, 701, 695, 651, 571, 405, and 292. Grouping the numbers according to size gives 292, 405, 510, 571, 583, 640, 651, 695, 701, and 702. Obviously, the median for these data is 583+640/2=611.5.

Freund, J. E., & Simon, G. A. Statistics: A First Course. Fifth variation. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1991.

Sanders, D. H.; Eng, R. J.; & Murph, A. F. Statistics: A Fresh Approach. Third Edition New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1985.

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