Tips for Writing

References According to the APA Style
The APA style consists of rules and conventions for formatting term papers, journal articles, books, etc., in the behavioural and social sciences. This user guide explains how to cite references in APA style, both within the text of a paper and in a reference list, and gives examples of commonly used types of references.
Reference Citations in the Text:
Single author: Use the authors last name, course of study.
(Morse, 1996) OR Morse (1996) showed that...
Two authors: Use both authors last names, isolated by an ampersand if in parentheses.
(Ringsven & Bond, 1996) OR In their study, Ringsven and Bond (1996)
iii to five authors: Use all authors names and year, the low season the reference occurs; in subsequent citations, let in only the head start author followed by et al. and the year.
First citation: (Johnson, Brunn, & Platt, 2002) OR Johnson, Brunn and Platt (2002)
succeeding citations: (Johnson et al., 2002). Omit the year if the subsequent citation is in the corresponding paragraph.
Six or more authors: Use only the low gear author followed by et al. and the year.
(Arpin et al., 2001) OR Arpin et al.



(2001)
If cardinal references with the same year shorten to the same form, cite the name of the first authors and as many of the subsequent authors as necessary to distinguish the two references, followed by a comma and et al.
Groups as authors: Corporation, association, and government names are given in honest in the first citation, and may be abbreviated thereafter if the name is long.
(The Michener Institute, 2002) OR The Michener Institute (2002) reported that...
Personal communication used as a citation should be avoided, unless it provides essential information not available from a public source. Do not include it in the reference list; instead cite the last name and initials of the person and date of communication in parentheses in the text.
(T. K. Lutes, personal communication, September 28, 1998) OR
T.K. Lutes...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com



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